安徽省教師招聘英語學科筆試完形填空

http://anhui.hteacher.net 2023-02-27 10:56 安徽教師招聘 [您的教師考試網(wǎng)]

閱讀下面短文，從短文后每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

The next generation of airplanes has arrived. They have bigger seats. Their windows are larger. They have more ___1___ for luggage. And they are coming to an airport near you. These ___2___ airplanes, such as the Boeing 787 Dreamliner or Bombardier C Series, are more comfortable for passengers. They also ___3___ the environment. By using less fuel, they will create less ___4___. Airline companies are excited, but scientists wonder if the airplanes’ designers could do even more.

The ___5___ to using less fuel is less weight. Therefore, these new planes are made of light materials. They are mostly made up of carbon fiber, a very light ___6___ strong plastic. Unlike older planes, they do not contain much __7___ metal. As a result, they require 20 to 25 percent less fuel than similarly sized older planes.

Some people, however, are still not ___8___. They say that the new airplanes only produce 20 percent less pollution. “We need to go further than that,” says transport expert Geoff Hoon. Experts like Hoon hope airplanes will one day use only biofuel. Unlike ___9___ fuel made from oil, biofuel is made from ___10___, like corn or sugarcane. Scientists believe that the use of biofuel will produce less air pollution. Studies show that biofuel produces half the carbon dioxide of oil-based fuel.

Some scientists also ___11___ the new airplanes’ design. Although they ___12___ less, the Dreamliner and Bombardier C Series still look like regular planes. And for the last fifty years, the ___13___ of airplanes hasn’t changed much. Scientists say that ___14___ planes with a new shape could save much more weight and fuel. One idea is to make planes that look like a very large single wing. Another is to create planes in the ___15___ of a flying saucer. The round shape of a flying saucer, scientists say, would use half the fuel of modern planes.

1. A. seats B. space C. time D. flights

2. A. normal B. outdated C. imagined D. new

3. A. worsen B. contaminate C. benefit D. control

4. A. profit B. protection C. pollution D. promotion

5. A. secret B. journey C. goal D. entrance

6. A. as B. or C. than D. but

7. A. heavy B. precious C. rare D. strong

8. A. surprised B. satisfied C. determined D. worried

9. A. unique B. solid C. regular D. nuclear

10. A. vegetables B. grains C. fruits D. plants

11. A. complain about B. subscribe to C. insist on D. sweep aside

12. A. shuttle B. weigh C. accomplish D. convey

13. A. name B. ticket C. design D. airport

14. A. creating B. buying C drawing D. loading

15. A. title B. shape C. place D. position

【試題分析】本文為說明文。本文以“新型飛機”為主題，客觀介紹了新式飛機的特點以及科學家們對于新一代飛機所持的看法。

1.【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：它們有更大的行李存放空間。seats意為“座位”;space意為“空間”;time意為“時間”;flights意為“飛行”。根據(jù)句意，作者正在介紹新一代飛機的特點，此處表達的是新式飛機有更大的行李存放空間，故選B。

2.【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析及上下文語境。句意：這樣的新式飛機對于乘客來說會更加舒適。normal意為“正常的”;outdated意為“過時的”;imagined意為“想象的”;new意為“新的”。根據(jù)上下文，作者一直在說明新型飛機的特點，These指代的就是前一句中的The next generation of airplanes。故選D。

3.【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析及上下文語境。句意：它們對環(huán)境也有益處。worsen意為“惡化”;contaminate意為“污染”;benefit意為“使獲利”;control意為“控制”。由上文可知，此處介紹的是新型飛機的優(yōu)點，根據(jù)18空前面的also可知，此句同樣講的是益處。故選C。

4.【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：它們使用的燃料更少，造成的污染也更小。profit意為“利潤”;protection意為“保護”;pollution意為“污染”;promotion意為“進步”。根據(jù)句意，作者此處在介紹新型飛機對于環(huán)境的積極影響，用更少的燃料自然污染更小，故選C。

5.【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析及上下文語境。句意：使用更少燃料的秘訣是減輕重量。下文就此進行具體解釋說明。secret意為“秘密、秘訣”;journey意為“旅行”;goal意為“目標”;entrance意為“入口”。根據(jù)句意和選項含義可知A項正確。故選A。

6.【答案】D

【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：它們大部分使用的是碳化纖維，是一種更輕但是更結實的材料。as意為“正如”;or意為“或者”;than意為“與其相比”;but意為“但是”。根據(jù)本句內容可看出，light與strong本身就屬于相反意義的范疇，表轉折關系，故選D。

7.【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析及上下文語境。句意：與老式飛機不同，它們并未使用大量的重金屬。heavy意為“重的”;precious意為“珍貴的”;rare意為“稀有的”;strong意為“強壯的”。根據(jù)上下文可知作者此處在陳述的是新型飛機的重量更輕，所以沒有采用重金屬。故選A。

8.【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析及上下文語境。句意：然而一些人仍不滿意。surprised意為“驚訝的”;satisfied意為“滿意的”;determined意為“堅決的”;worried意為“擔憂的”。根據(jù)下文，一些人覺得新型飛機所減少的污染只有百分之二十，這遠遠不夠?？芍械娜巳匀徊粷M意，故選B。

9.【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：與石油制成的普通燃料不同，生物燃料是由植物制成的。unique意為“唯一的”;solid意為“固體的”;regular意為“普通的”;nuclear意為“核能的”。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處介紹的是生物燃料與普通燃料的不同。regular fuel意為“普通燃料”，故選C。

10.【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：與石油制成的普通燃料不同，生物燃料是由植物制成的，如玉米、甘蔗。vegetables意為“蔬菜”;grains意為“糧食”;fruits意為“水果”;plants意為“植物”。此處介紹的是生物燃料的原料，玉米及甘蔗的共同之處在于都屬于植物，故選D。

11.【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析及上下文語境。句意：一些科學家仍然對新型飛機的外觀存在抱怨。complain about意為“抱怨”;subscribe to意為“訂閱”;insist on意為“堅持”;sweep aside意為“不予理會”。根據(jù)下文可知，科學家對新型飛機的外觀并不滿意，希望有所改進。故選A。

12.【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析及上下文語境。句意：盡管重量更輕，但這一新系列的飛機與普通的飛機看起來并沒有什么不同。shuttle意為“穿梭往返”;weigh意為“稱……的重量”;accomplish意為“完成”;convey意為“傳遞”。根據(jù)上文可知，新型飛機的重量更輕。故選B。

13.【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析及上下文語境。句意：在過去的五十年間，飛機的設計并沒有太多改變。name意為“名字”;ticket意為“票”;design意為“設計”;airport意為“機場”。根據(jù)上下文可知，此段講的是飛機的設計，在本段第一句就出現(xiàn)了design一詞。故選C。

14.【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析及上下文語境。句意：科學家提到，設計具有新外形的飛機可以節(jié)省更多的重量以及燃料。creating意為“設計、創(chuàng)造”;buying意為“買”;drawing意為“畫”;loading意為“登錄、著陸”。根據(jù)本段可知，此處講的是對于飛機的設計創(chuàng)造，且下文也出現(xiàn)了create planes這一短語，故選A。

15.【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析及上下文語境。句意：另一種意見是設計出飛碟形狀的飛機。title意為“標題”;shape意為“形狀”;place意為“地方”;position意為“位置”。根據(jù)上下文可知，這里介紹的是飛機的形狀，in the shape of意為“什么樣的形狀”。故選B。